Clinical and prognostic role of the plasma level of stimulating growth factor in patients with miscellaneous cardiovascular pathology
Abstract
Aim. To determine the clinical and prognostic role of plasma level of stimulating growth factor inmiscellaneouscardiovascular pathology.
Material and Methods. There was carried out a review of literature highlighting the clinical and prognostic role of the plasma level of the stimulating growth factor in cardiovascular pathology.
Results and Discussion. Data from modern literature indicate that recent studies of various non-invasive biomarkers such as troponin I, natriuretic peptide, galectin-3, and stimulating growth factor expressed by gene 2 (ST2) are studied in great detail. ST2 is one of the main biomarkers, which signals the presence and severity of structural remodeling of the heart, especially in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. It is proved that ST2 possesses a wide range of biological effects, in particular, it plays an important role in the pathogenetic mechanisms of development of cardiovascular diseases. This biomarker is a powerful predictor of development of various cardiovascular diseases and has all the features to recommend determining itfor predicting cardiovascular disease in patients with no clinically significant symptoms.
Conclusion. ST2 is a new biomarker that has proven to bea highly informative prognostic factor in patients with acute and chronic heart failure and coronary artery disease, including STEMI and NSTEMI. In the future, the widespread use of plasma level ST2 will allow predicting the development of various cardiovascular complications and death with high probability. The use of this biomarkerprovides a perspective for the development of preventive measures aimed at improving the quality of life of patients and reducing cardiovascular mortality, as well as loweringthe cost of treatment for cardiovascular diseases.
References
Bayes-Genis A., de Antonio M., Vila J et al, Head-to-head comparison of two myocardial fibrosis biomarkers for longterm heart failure risk stratification: ST2 vs. Galectin-3. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63(2): 158-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.087
Bayes-Genis A., De Antonio M., Villa J., Penafiel J., Galan A., Barallat J., et al. Head-to-head comparison of 2 myocardial fibrosis biomarkers for long-term heart failure risk stratification: ST2 versus galectine-3. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 63(2): 158-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.087
Ciccone M.M., Cortese F., Gesualdo M., Riccardi R., Di Nunzio D., Moncelli M., Iacoviello M., Scicchitano P.A Novel Cardiac Bio-Marker: ST2: A Review Molecules. 2013. 18: 15314-15328. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules181215314
Ciccone M.M., Cortese F., Gesualdo M., Riccardi R., Di Nunzio D., Moncelli M., Iacoviello M., Scicchitano P. A novel cardiac biomarker: ST2: a review. Molecules. 2013; 18(12):15314-28. doi: 10.3390/ molecules181215314. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules181215314
De Boer R.A., Lok D.J., Jaarsma T, van der Meer P., Voors A.A., Hillege H.L, et al. Predictive values of plasma galectine-3 levels in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Ann Med. 2011;43(1): 60-68. https://doi.org/10.3109/07853890.2010.538080
De Boer R.A., Lok D.J, Jaarsma T., van der Meer P., Voors A.A., Hillege H.L., et al. Predictive values of plasma galectine-3 levels in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Ann Med. 2011;43(1):60-68. https://doi.org/10.3109/07853890.2010.538080
Dike B. Ojji, Lionel H. Opie, Sandrine Lecour, Lydia Lacerda, Olusoji Adeyemi, Karen Sliwa. Relationship Between Left Ventricular Geometry and Soluble ST2 in a Cohort of Hypertensive Patients. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 2013; 15 (12): 899-904 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12205. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.12205
Dominguez-Rodriguez A., Abreu-Gonzalez P. Clinical implications of elevated serum interleukin-6, Soluble CD40 ligand, metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Clin. Cardiol. 2009. 32: 288. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.20464
Eggers K.M., Armstrong P.W., Califf R.M., Simoons M.L., Venge P., Wallentin L., James S.K. ST2 and mortality in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Am. Heart J. 2010. 159: 788-794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2010.02.022
Guzel S., Serin O., Guzel E. C., Buyuk B., Yilmaz G., Guvenen G. Interleukin-33, Matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in myocardial infarction Korean J. Intern. Med. 2013. 28: 165-173. https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2013.28.2.165
Gruson D., Lepoutre T., Ahn S.A., Rousseau M.F. Increased soluble ST2 is a stronger predictor of long-term cardiovascular death than natriuretic peptides in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol. 2014;1 72(1):e250-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.101
Januzzi Jr J.L. ST2 as a cardiovascular risk biomarker: from the bench to the bedside. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2013;6(4):493-500 DOI: 10.1007/ s12265-013-9459-y. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-013-9459-y
Januzzi JL, Pascual-Figal D, Daniels LB. ST2 testing for chronic heart failure therapy monitoring: The International ST2 Consensus Panel. Am J Cardiol. 2015; 115(7) Suppl: 70B-75B. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.01.044
Lupon J., Gaggin H.K., de Antonio M., Domingo M., Galan A., Zamora E., Vila J., Penafiel J., Urrutia A., Ferrer E., Vallejo N., Januzzi J.L., Bayes-Genis A. Biomarker-assist score for reverse remodeling prediction in heart failure: The ST2-R2 score. Int J Cardiol. 2015;184:337-43. doi: 10.1016/j. ijcard.2015.02.019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.02.019
Kohli P., Bonaca M.P., Kakkar R., Kudinova A.Y., Scirica B.M., Sabatine M. S., Murphy S.A., Braunwald E., Lee R. T., Morrow D.A. Role of ST2 in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome in the MERLIN-TIMI 36 trial Clin. Chem. 2012. 58: 257-266. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.173369
Nichols M., Townsed N., Scarborough P., Rayner M. European cardiovascular disease in Euroup: epidemiological update. European Heart Journal, 2013, Vol. 34. P 3028-3034. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht356
Pascual-Figal DA, Januzzi JL. The biology of ST2: The international ST2 consensus panel. Am J Cardiol. 2015;115(Suppl):3B-7B. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.01.034
Rehman S.U., Mueller T., Januzzi J.L. Characteristics of the novel interleukin family biomarker ST2 in patients with acute heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008: 52 (18): 1458-65. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.07.042 54. Sanada S., Hakuno D., Higgins L.J., Schreiter E.R., McKenzie A.N., Lee R.T. IL-33 and ST2 comprise a critical biomechanically induced and cardioprotective signaling system. J Clin Invest. 2007;117:1538-1549. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI30634
Richards M., Di Somma S., Mueller T. ST2 in Stable and Unstable Ischemic Heart Diseases // Am. J. Cardiol. 2015. 115 (7): 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.01.041
Sabatine M.S., Morrow D.A., Higgins L.J., MacGillivray C., Guo W., Bode C., Rifai N., Cannon C.P., Gerszten R.E., Lee R.T. Complementary roles for biomarkers of biomechanical strain ST2 and N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction Circulation. 2008. 117: 1936-1944. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.728022
Seki K., Sanada S., Kudinova A.Y., Steinhauser M.L., Handa V., Gannon J., Lee R.T. Interleukin-33 prevents apoptosis and improves survival after experimental myocardial infarction through ST2 signaling. Circ. Heart Fail. 2009. 2: 684-691. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.873240
Shimpo M., Morrow D.A., Weinberg E.O., Sabatine M.S., Murphy S.A., Antman E.M., Lee R.T. Serum levels of the interleukin-1 receptor family member ST2 predict mortality and clinical outcome in acute myocardial infarction // Circulation. 2004. 109: 2186-2190. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000127958.21003.5A
Shah R.V., Januzzi J.L. ST2: a novel remodeling biomarker in acute and chronic heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2010;7 (1): 9-14. doi:10.1007/ s11897-010-0005-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-010-0005-9
Weir R.A., Miller A.M., Murphy G.E., Clements S., Steedman T., Connell J. M., McInnes I. B., Dargie H. J., McMurray J.J. Serum soluble ST2: A potential novel mediator in left ventricular and infarct remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2010. 55: 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.047
Yancy C.W., Jessup M., Bozcurt B., Butler J., Casey D.E., Jr, Drazner M.H., et al. American College of Cardiology Foundation. American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 62(16): e147-e239.
Yancy C.W et al. ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure, J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013, doi: 10.1016 / j. jack. 2013.05.019.
Dyleva Ju.A., Gruzdeva O.V., Akbasheva O.E., Uchasova E.G., Fedorova N.V., Chernobaj A.G., Karetnikova V.N., Kosareva S.N., Kashtalap V.V., Fedorova T.S., Barbarash O.L. Znachenie stimulirujushhego faktora rosta ST2 i NT-proBNP v ocenke postinfarktnogo remodelirovanija serdca. Rossijskij kardiologicheskij zhurnal. 2015;12: 63-71. Russian.
Karetnikova V.N., Kashtalap V.V., Kosareva S.N., Barbarash O.L. Fibroz miokarda: sovremennye aspekty problemy. Terapevticheskij arhiv. 2017; 89 (1): 88-93. Russian. https://doi.org/10.17116/terarkh201789188-93
Kovalenko V.M., Kornatskiy V.M. Circulation system diseases as medical-social and social-politic problem. Analitichno-metodichniy posibnik za red. V.M. Kovalenka, V.M. Kornatskogo, Kiyiv, 2014: 279 p. Ukrainian.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
ISSN 
ISSN 
